Sensex and Nifty free essay sample

In that case, the base value is set to 100 and let’s assumes that the stock is currently trading at 200. Tomorrow the price hits 260 (30% increase in price) so, the index will move from 100 to 130 to indicate that 30% growth. Now let’s assume that on day 3, the stock finishes at 208. That’s a 20% fall from 260. So, to indicate that fall, the Sensex will be corrected from 130 to 104(20%fall). As our second step to understand the index calculation, let us try to extend the same logic to two stocks – A and B. A is trading at 200 and let’s assume that the second stock ‘B’ is trading at 150. Since the Sensex follows the market capitalization weighted method, we have to find the market capitalization (or size of the company- in terms of price) of the two companies and proportionate weightage will have to be given in the calculation. That’s simple. Just multiply the total number of shares of the company by the market price. We will write a custom essay sample on Sensex and Nifty or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This figure is technically called ‘market capitalization’. Back to our example- We assume that company A has 100,000 shares outstanding and B has 200,000 shares outstanding. Hence, the total market capitalization is (200 x 100000 + 150 x 200000) Rs 500 lakhs. This will be equivalent to 100 points. Lets assume that tomorrow, the price of A hits 260 (30% increase in price) and the price of B hits 135. (10% drop in price). The market capitalization will have to be reworked. It would be – 260 x 100,000 + 135 x 200,000 = 530 lakhs. That means, due to the changes in price, the market capitalization has moved from 500 lakhs to 530 indicating a 6% increase. Hence, the index would move from 100 to 106 to indicate the net effect. This logic extends to many selected stocks and this calculation process is done every minute and that’s how the index moves! What we said was the general method to construct indices. Since, the Sensex consists of 30 large companies and since its shares may be held by the government or promoters etc, for the purpose of calculating market capitalization only the free float market value is considered, instead of the total number of shares. What is free float? That’s the total number of shares available for the public to trade in the market. It excludes shares held by promoters, governments or trusts, FDIs etc.. To find the free float market value, the total value of the company (total shares x market price) is further multiplied by a free float market value factor, which is nothing but the percentage of free float shares of a particular company. So logically, the company which has more public holding will have the highest free float factor in the Sensex. This equalizes everything. Example- let’s assume that the market value of a company is Rs 100,000 Crore and it has 100 Crore shares having a value of Rs 1,000 each but only 20% of it are available to the public for trade. The free float factor would be 20/100 or 0. 0 and the free float market value would be . 20 x 100,000 = 20,000 Crores. You need not calculate the free float market capitalization since its available straight on the BSE website At this point, the Sensex is at 12500. What would be the value of Sensex if the free-float market capitalization is Rs 11,50,000 Crore? †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. The answer is 14,375. NIFTY 50 NIFTY was coined from the two words ‘National’ and ‘FIFTY’. The word fifty is used because; the index consists of 50 actively traded stocks from various sectors. Similarly Nifty is calculated using the same methodology adopted by the BSE in calculating the Sensex – but with three differences. They are: The base year is taken as 1995 The base value is set to 1000 Nifty is calculated on 50 stocks actively traded in the NSE 50 top stocks are selected from 24 sectors.

Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings

Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings Free Online Research Papers During the 18th America was dealing with independence from Europe and trying to establish them as a strong country. As far as government goes no a monarchal government was not in question. Many people saw great opportunity to step up and contribute ideas that will make America into the country of preference. One of these men was 3rd president and member of the original founding fathers, Thomas Jefferson. While most Americans view Thomas Jefferson as an upstanding and honorable man. He was plagued with the moral contradiction of having fathered children with one of his slaves Sally Heming’s and as a result spurred a great deal of controversy. As a result of his action’s Jefferson’s virtuous demeanor is questioned and shows how hypocritical he is. Peter Jefferson, a planter turned legislature in the Virginia House of Burgesses and Jane Randolph, daughter of a rich distinguished Virginia family are the parents of Thomas Jefferson. Thomas Jefferson was born April 3 1743, at Shadwell, his family farm in Albemarle County Virginia. Growing up he was taught discipline and self-perseverance. His father taught him how to read, write and also how to do a numerous amount of outdoor activities. However he soon had to put his child behavior behind him and without warning take over being the man of the household. 1757 Thomas Jefferson, is 14 and has to faces the death of his father. With being the oldest male Thomas Jefferson had to now take responsibilities over his younger siblings. Unable to enjoy his youth like he used to Jefferson found satisfaction in horseback riding playing his instruments and taking walks in the company of his sister Jane. Like most young men in this time he attended private schools and was provided with the best tutors where he studied several languages. Education became Jefferson’s top priority. In 1760 he enrolled at the college of William and Mary located in Williamsburg Virginia. â€Å"Jefferson often referred to his college town as devilsburg.† When most young men where out drinking Jefferson was preferred to be in his books studying. It’s no surprise that he excelled in such subjects as calculus, Greek, Spanish, grammar, and classical literature. William and Mary granted him an honorary degree in 1782. After college Jefferson went on to study law with George Wythe. He practiced law from 1761 to 1774. Thomas Jefferson did not believe in racial equality, and thought that blacks were intellectually inferior. However in one of the most important documents in American history is the Declaration of Independence written by Thomas Jefferson himself, he says †We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by there creator† Jefferson knew that his ownership of slaves contradicted his principles. What Jefferson wanted most was for slaves to one day be free, he wanted them to go back to Africa. He refused to grant freedom to his own slaves because of their significances to his wealth, but overall he condemned slavery. Thomas Jefferson began building Monticello in 1770, his estate that was more than 10,000 acres. Over 180 slaves occupied and cared his estate while he was away. In 1772 he married Martha Wayles Skleton and moved her into his home at Monticello. Martha came from a well-established family; John Wayles her father was a well-known lawyer. Along with Martha came the company of her slave who also happened to be her half sister. Sally Hemings was the daughter of John Wayles and his slave Betty Hemings. After Thomas Jefferson’s wife died there were rumors speculating that he was secretly involved with one of his salves intimately. James Callender took the liberty to write about this controversy in the Richmond Recorder. Callender writes â€Å"It’s well known that the man, whom it delighteeth the people to honor, keeps for many years in his concubine, one of his slaves. Her name is Sally†¦By this wench Sally, our president has had several children.† Many people began to respond to this statement. Abolitionists used this scandal as an example for the corruption of slavery. Many Americans did not accept the affair but they knew that there was truth to it. In the widely read 1839 A diary in America by Frederick Marryat, he writes, â€Å"It is a well-known fact that a considerable portion of Mr. Jefferson’s slaves were his own children.† When Thomas went to France as an ambassador he brought with him his daughter and his slave Sally. According to Sally’s son Madison during an interview for the Ohio newspaper in 1873, Sally was the maidservant for Jefferson’s daughter Polly. In 1789 Sally was just 16 when she became pregnant with her first son. By French law Sally had the choice to stay in France as a free woman, instead she chose to go back to the states with Jefferson. Sally agreed to go back with Jefferson under certain conditions. She was to be granted â€Å"extraordinary privileges†, and that her children be emancipated the day they reach the age of 21. Madison goes on to say that Sally had three more sons and one daughter to no other man but Thomas Jefferson. Jefferson was very devoted and hard working when it came down to politics. Jefferson sailed home to Monticello from France October 1789. President George Washington requested that Thomas Jefferson take the position as the first secretary state. Intrigued by the idea of separating governmental power into three branches Jefferson quickly obliged. With the constitutions lack of protection for individual rights and the concern of the governments overall power made Jefferson apprehensive about America’s government. Disagreements between treasurer Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson about the National Bank led to the having the Federalists led by Hamilton and the Democratic-Republicans led by Jefferson. Jefferson left office in 1796, because ne believed that President Washington favored Hamilton’s policies better. Thomas Jefferson won the presidential election of 1800, making him the 3rd president of the United States. â€Å"He used time to readjust his principles to terminate his goals that caused to denounce him as an untrustworthy demagogue.† Governing by his republican ideals of limited power in the federal government. Jefferson decreased the number of federal officials, and reduced the size of the army. Some accomplishments that Jefferson made as a president was he restored a republican government that â€Å"protected liberty, equality of opportunity, freedom of conscience, and consent of the governed.† Despite the rumors about his Jefferson’s personal life he never let that show in the workplace. Jefferson’s daughters by his late wife Martha denied the allegations that he could have fathered any of Sally Heming’s children. However people were still curious about if there was any truth to the rumors about his relationship with his slave Sally. An African-American lawyer named Brodie studied journals and letters from the summer of 1788, in which he found evidence of Jefferson’s attraction his young slave. This is the evidence that Brodie came across â€Å"his bursts of envious admiration for the patriarch Abraham in a painting of him and his concubine, Hagar, who was also his wife’s servant.† Centuries later thanks to advance science and technologies Eugene Foster, a retied pathologist, performed DNA testing. He collected blood samples from 14 men, both and white from men who claim to be decedents of Thomas Jefferson. Eugene Foster writes, à ¢â‚¬Å"The largely unchanging Y (male) chromosomes of Jefferson’s white decedents, almost precisely match those of descendents of Heming’s last son Eston. Who was born at Monticello in 1808.† Suprisengly the DNA didn’t match Sally’s first son Tom, who most people thought to be Jefferson’s son. Thomas Jefferson can be viewed as honorable and others can view him hypocritical. What’s most certain is that it is not so easy for people to trust the judgements of someone who contradicts himself. As a part of human nature it is normal to make mistakes. It is also typical for humans to accept that a person will make mistakes and at one point in life everyone will. . Most Americans believe that regardless of his personal behaviors Jefferson remains heroic for his work he accomplished. Although when you are someone like Thomas Jefferson who is a politician and a lawmaker, and perform actions that goes against your beliefs it could leave some doubt about your character and whether or not you believed in the principles you stress. Bibliography American Eras. Thomas Jefferson. Development of a Nation, 1783-1815. Vol. 4. Farmington Hills, MI: Gale Research, 1997. Golden, Frederic. Annals Of Slavery.(DNA proves Jeffersons paternity of slaves children)(Brief Article). Time, November 1998. Harley, Sharon. The Timetables of African-American History. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1995. Jefferson, Thomas. Declaration of Independence. July 1776. Kutler, Stanley I. Dictionary of American History. Declaration of Independence 1776. Vol. 10. New York: Charles Scribner Sons, 2003. Presidental Profile for Students. Thomas Jefferson. Prod. Presidental Profile for Students. Farmington hills, MI, 2000. Robert, Jhonston. The Making of America . Washington, D.C: National Geographic Society, 2002. Weisberger, Bernard A. Jeffersons mistress? (President Thomas Jeffersons alleged affair with slave Sally Hemings) . American Heritage, November 1997: 14. whooley, Owen. knowledge advocacy in the Sally Hemings controversy. Objectivity and its discontents, 86. Research Papers on Thomas Jefferson and Sally HemingsBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm X19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraHip-Hop is ArtThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationQuebec and CanadaComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoWhere Wild and West MeetEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 Europe

Criticaster †an Incompetent Critic or How Not to Spoil a Good Critical Review

Criticaster – an Incompetent Critic or How Not to Spoil a Good Critical Review Criticaster an Incompetent Critic or How Not to Spoil a Good Critical Review Any position or argument that cannot be subjected to a critical review is not qualified for an intellectual discourse. Now, the number one task is to understand what a critical review is. When a person posits or puts down ideas about a subject in an article, people are called upon to read and think clearly and carefully and come out with analysis of the ideas expressed in the said article according to what the author has penned down and the information they have about the point in discourse. Here, ideas expressed in the article are evaluated, summarized and reviewed to come out with your own idea hinging on the weaknesses and strengths of the article in question. Now, while making a critical review, there are two things that are paramount, and they will lead you to arrive at a very good review if you abide by them. The first is the acquisition of information as expressed in the article and this is done through reading and understanding of what is posited by the writer. Now, you must not limit yourself to the text under question when you want to get the best of information about the subject being discussed. You must get ideas and information from related texts. The next is the thorough questioning of every bit of information and idea presented in the article or text so as to evaluate and arrive at an informed judgment. For you to review efficiently, you must know the central idea under discussion and the purpose that the write up in question is meant to achieve. Never jump into a critical review because of shallow information or blanket idea about a topic. Understand the context in which the idea is being used and the result it is meant to achieve. You must also have great information about the audience the article or text is meant to address. Whenever you are evaluating, concentrate on the theories, frameworks and approaches and not just on the conclusions made. All the content must be analyzed according to concepts and you have to do this separately according to components. When you do, seek for the interrelation and connection between the different components, and how they can influence each other. You can start by following these simple steps: Ascertain if the text is balanced or biased Ascertain if it is a fair article Seek for ways of summarizing all the points Seek for the relationship between this and other literature you have read on the topic Evaluate the interpretations posited by the author Look at the main issues the writer raised Know where the author got his or her evidence And know the area that is being reviewed and discussed You have to answer all these questions, and be sure that your answers are not biased too. And the last thing you should remember is that you should know where the author is coming from and where he is heading to, his personality is not to be considered when evaluating, so that you do not mix the author with what he wrote to the extent of going ad hominem. If you do, it will affect the outcome of the review negatively. Feel free to buy a critical review essay at our website. will provide you with a great-quality custom written paper.

Dallas Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Dallas - Essay Example The city was under both the Spanish and French colonial governments before boundaries placed it under Spain. This adds to its great historical background and makes it unique and a tourist favorite. The planning of the city is done extremely well, with the buildings well arranged and the roads and streets offer easy navigation through the city. Although it lacks a navigable link to the sea, the scenery in Dallascity is just irresistible; the Trinity River winds itself through the city and serves as an ideal position to view the sunset either on the ferry or on the shores before it disappears into Houston (Hanson 68). Dubbed the romantic spot, couples always gather on the shores of this river and just sink into each other’s eyes while enjoying the beautiful environment around them. White Rock Lake is another beautiful area to visit in Dallas. It is a water reservoir where families go to spend their weekends and free time. Activities such as boating, rowing, jogging, and biking all serve as a means of entertainment to the people. There is also an Arboretum and Botanical garden located to the east shore of the lake that provide good relaxing places and serve as a tourist at traction sites (Hanson 21). Dallas has a humid subtropical climate, which favors most of the best outdoor activities. For instance, during the summer, the city records very high temperatures that range between 38 and 42 degree Celsius, which are favorable for swimming, and other water activities (Hanson 22). Winters in Dallas are mild warm with lots of snow rising up to 1.5 inches off the ground. Spring and autumn bring the most pleasant weather with the showing of wild flower that beautifully colors the environment (Hanson 22). A staple in Dallas is the Chilean Sea Bass on Lobster Risotto. This dish has gained recognition around the world due to its effect on the taste buds, and you simply cannot visit Dallas without paying a visit to one of the steakhouses

Management Accounting and the Environment Essay

Management Accounting and the Environment - Essay Example There are different approaches which help to identify the future goals of Charity organizations and detect the threats. Accountants' examination of Charity organizations gives useful insights into the nature of strategy itself. Management accountancy in Charity organizations is normally associated with more rational approaches to reporting. Perhaps its greatest contribution lies in providing the management accountant strategist a broad framework for analysing the position of organizations at a particular moment in time. It can also be useful in the development of a number of strategic options which attempt to tackle opportunities and threats, build on corporate strengths and avoid weaknesses. An important consideration is that for most management there is a choice of strategy (Collins, Davies, Weetman, 1992). New environment needs the approach based upon the assumption that information is readily available to the accountants and an accurate assessment can be made of its likely impact on organizations. This is not always the case and the entire process is subject to behavioural influences. The so-called rational techniques have been criticized as 'pseudo-science'. Nonetheless this is the basic approach used by many researchers (Kirkham, Loft, 1993). In the 1980s the emergence of an increasingly complex and turbulent business environment called for modifications in the rational approach. The environment plays an important role for charitable organizations, because there are more groups for whom the financial records are of potential interest. These groups include paid staff, volunteers, beneficiaries, donors (including grant making trusts), institutional and corporate funders, government departments, rating authorities, The Charity Commission, the press and the public as well as the Inland Revenue and HM Customs and Excise. As a result of this Charity Accounts can be subject to more requirements than private sector organisations of equivalent size (Parker, 2001). In the light of this it is possible to distinguish three main functions of accountants: the raising of funds or financial management; the contribution of accounting to management control and decision-making; and the function of financial reporting. Accountants in Charitable organizations need to prepare and maintain accounting records. These records must be retained for at least six years (at least three years in the case of charitable companies), and make the accounts available to the public on request. In charitable organizations accounts can be prepared using one of two bases: receipts and payments basis which consists of an account summarising all money received and paid out by the charity in the year in question, and a statement giving details of its assets and liabilities at the end of the year. "Accruals basis contains a balance sheet showing the charity's financial position at the end of the year in question, a statement of financial activities (SOFA) during the year and explanatory notes. They, in accountancy terms, should give a "true and fair view" (Sayer, 1998). Recent years accounting has been seen as a management function which obtains influenced significantly by those who prepare and

Essay --

NAME: SOHAIL AHMAD AZIZI SUBJECT: EBM-635 BUSINESS TRANSFORMATION ASSIGNMENT: DISTINGUSIH BETWEEN CORPORATE AND BUSINESS LEVEL STRATEGIES Distinguish between Corporate &Business level strategies? Give examples to support your answer. Corporate Level Strategy Corporate level strategy is the overall strategy for a diversified organization or company. It is usually concerned with a mix of businesses that the company should compete in and also the ways on which individual strategy units are integrated and co-ordinated. The corporate level strategy basically lays down the foundation as regards where the organization is today and what expand, growth function a company has and what could be possible unit that can a corporate exit. A corporate level strategy is a long term strategy where it involves high level of decision making. A corporate level strategy is also called as an umbrella vision for the company. Any action plan which deals in diversification, expansion, merger and acquisition are called corporate level strategy. The 4E’s to addressing Corporate Strategy; 1. Extend: extending...

Beautiful Boy by David Shelf

Beautiful Boy by David Sheff 1. Sheff intrigued me with his story just by the back of the book. The entire story is about his eldest son, Nic, who is an amazing student as a child; however, his childhood begins to fade when he gets into the life of drugs and alcohol. The experiences and hardships that the author goes through is very emotional which really kept me reading. 2. The setting affects the author and his story. The book takes place in modern day times as in 2008.This impacts the author and his experiences because this is the time where drugs became more known and they were easy to get which made it harder for Nic, David Sheff’s son, to stop the drug abuse. 3. The themes in this book are patience and faith. David must be patient towards the recovery of his son’s drug addiction. He knows that this process cannot happen over-night no matter how hard he wishes it could be that easy. He waits patiently for Nic to get better. Nic, however, goes through rough patches while on this journey to succession, but his father always has faith in him.I think that David and Nic’s experiences were incredibly traumatic. Sheff felt the pain that his son went through while being an addict and felt the need to share it with others. Another reason Sheff might have wanted to share this experience is because he wanted to show the difficulty and how bad it is to take drugs. 4. â€Å"When Nic was growing up, I thought I would be content with whatever choices he made in his life†¦ Now I live with the knowledge that, never mind the most modest definition of a normal or healthy life, my son may not make it to twenty-one†(195-196).This proves the understanding that David has over his son’s life and that even though he believed at one point that Nic’s decisions will be made by himself, Nic has not made all the right decisions. This proved to David that his son needs guidance through out his whole life because once you are a father you ar e always a father. I chose this passage because this to me is David Sheff’s entire understanding of his son and this memoir. It shows that he understands what it means to be a father and what his role is 5.If I could meet the author I would feel a little nervous. I would feel uncomfortable asking him any questions because I wouldn’t know how he would react: would he get emotional? Would he get annoyed? Would he act fine because he gets questions all the time. A hypothetical meeting with David Sheff is if he came to my school to talk about drug and alcohol addiction and how it impacted his life and others around him. A question I might ask is when did you realize that your son was not a casual user, but was an addict?What was your immediate reaction? I would talk about the impact on his family, siblings and friends. I would ask about whom his friends were and if they were older because of the drug use. I would ask how he had the money for the drugs. A story of my own th at I would share with the author is about a kid that I know that ended up not being able to go to college. All of a sudden he began going to rehab and no one knew why. As time went on people began to realize that he did drugs and drank a lot.He became banned form school grounds for a certain amount of time. He was supposed to go off to college, but ended up not because he got in trouble with the law and had separation anxiety. His younger sister had to deal with the fights at home and her brother that she loved very much. I would share this story with Sheff to show that even though this story is not about my family or me, my family was one of the people impacted by this child’s actions.